The impact of the welfare schemes launched during Narendra Modi’s government is now clearly visible in official figures. The Economic Survey 2026 states that the government’s financial inclusion and self-employment schemes have connected a large section of the country’s population to the formal economic framework. The Jan Dhan, Mudra, and Street Vendors schemes, in particular, have been presented as successful models in the survey.

Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana Transforms the Banking Landscape

According to the Economic Survey, a total of 55.02 crore bank accounts have been opened under the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana by March 2025. Of these, 36.63 crore accounts are in rural and semi-urban areas. This scheme has connected people to banking services who were previously completely outside the system. Jan Dhan accounts have facilitated savings, insurance, subsidies, and direct benefit transfers, ensuring that government assistance reaches beneficiaries directly.

Street Vendors Scheme Supports Small Businesses

The Pradhan Mantri Street Vendors Atmanirbhar Nidhi Yojana has also been praised in the Economic Survey. Under this scheme, street vendors are being provided with working capital loans without any collateral. This has enabled small shopkeepers and street vendors to revive and expand their businesses. The scheme aims to empower the urban poor to become self-reliant.

Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana Empowers Micro-Enterprises

The Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana provides financial assistance to micro and small enterprises engaged in manufacturing, trade, services, and agriculture-related activities. According to the Economic Survey, by October 2025, more than ₹36.18 lakh crore has been disbursed through 55.45 crore loan accounts under this scheme. This has created self-employment and employment opportunities for millions of people.

Four Categories of Mudra Loans

The Mudra scheme is now divided into four categories: Shishu, Kishore, Tarun, and Tarun Plus. The Shishu category provides loans up to ₹50,000 for starting small businesses. In the Kishore (adolescent) category, loans range from ₹50,000 to ₹5 lakh. Under the Tarun (young adult) category, loans are available from ₹5 lakh to ₹10 lakh. Meanwhile, the Tarun Plus category offers collateral-free loans ranging from ₹10 lakh to ₹20 lakh.

Where to get a Mudra Loan

Under this scheme, scheduled commercial banks, regional rural banks, small finance banks, NBFCs (Non-Banking Financial Companies), and microfinance institutions provide loans up to ₹20 lakh. These loans are given for the purpose of generating income and expanding businesses.